The alveolar deadspace is caused by ventilation/perfusion inequalities at the alveolar level. Ergo, increasing dead space has the same effect as reducing the tidal volume. Of the tidal volume, only the non-dead fraction participates in gas exchange. What happens when dead space is increased?Īt a fundamental level, increasing the dead space functionally indistinguishable from hypoventilation: Dead space is a fraction of the total tidal volume. Complete obstruction of a pulmonary artery by an embolus causes an increase in anatomic dead space. In patients with acute PE, total dead space increases because lung units continue to be ventilated despite diminished or absent perfusion. How does pulmonary embolism increased dead space? The two types of dead space are anatomical dead space and physiologic dead space. What is a dead space in the lungs?ĭead space represents the volume of ventilated air that does not participate in gas exchange. This happens when there is a lack of blood flow where the alveoli have enough air to oxygenate blood or there is a lack of air in an area where the blood flow is normal. Physiological dead space or physiological shunts, arise from a functional impairment of the lung or arteries.
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